Liquid-phase catalytic transfer hydrogenation and cyclization of levulinic acid and its esters to [gamma]-valerolactone over metal oxide catalysts

Liquid-phase catalytic transfer hydrogenation and cyclization of levulinic acid and its esters to [gamma]-valerolactone over metal oxide catalysts:

Chem. Commun., 2011, Advance Article DOI: 10.1039/C1CC14748J, Communication

Mei Chia, James A. Dumesic
The reduction of levulinic acid and its esters to [gamma]-valerolactone can be achieved via the Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley reaction over inexpensive and regenerable metal oxide catalysts.